Energia eólica: entre ventos, impactos e vulnerabilidades socioambientais no Rio Grande do Norte

Abstract

The state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) stimulated by the Federal Government, through the diversification of the energy matrix of policy, investing in the deployment of wind power parks, creating new economic and employment dynamics in their municipalities. The aim of this study is to demonstrate, from the observation of the relationship between clean energy speech and vulnerable conditions with which we meet the social and environmental impacts in communities surrounding wind farms in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. From a methodological point of view, this study is qualitative and interdisciplinary. He attended a bibliographical and documentary study and data collection from focus groups and interviews. For the analysis was used triangulation technique methods. The results and discussion (i) put in discussion the understanding of wind power as "clean", "green" or "environmentally friendly"; (Ii) present the changing social realities, economic and environmental sites with interaction, but also with potential conflict and tension between the main actors involved in this new dynamics of energy production; (Iii) point out that wind farms are not entirely without environmental impacts and expose the population to social and environmental vulnerability; (iv) state the urgency of thinking shared management with greater transparency and participation of the affected groups, (v) indicate the importance of effective regulatory instruments, financing and licensing more committed to social and environmental justice criteria.