O estudo da eficiência ambiental dos campos onshore das bacias costeiras brasileiras na perspectiva da água produzida de petróleo

Abstract

The oil industry has a significant and important share in the world energy matrix with an estimated production of 1/3 of the global energy. With the high world oil consumption, resource management needs to be better managed in order to reduce the associated environmental impacts. One of the main environmental concerns associated with the exploration and production of oil fields is related to the generation of water produced from petroleum. The water produced from the production of oil and gas is a strategic challenge for companies, as it generates the largest share of waste from the oil industry. In this perspective, this work aims to evaluate the performance of environmental sustainability, based on the generation of oil produced water, from the onshore fields of the coastal oil basins of Brazil. The data were made available by the ANP (National Agency of Petroleum) in its electronic site making a total of 156 oilfields belonging to the basins of Alagoas, Camamu, Espírito Santo, Potiguar and Sergipe. The years analyzed were 2014, 2015 and 2016. The results were presented in six stages: stage I - presentation of the results of the descriptive statistics; stage II - analysis of multiple regressions; stage III - application of the median; stage IV - Dynamic modeling analysis (DDEA); Stage V - presentation of a two-dimensional graphical analysis of DDEA; and stage VI - analysis of logistic regressions. Two statistical tests were used to validate the hypotheses: T-test and Wald test. The expected results will help the managers in the managerial decision making from the model proposed for the petroleum sector. The results had a positive effect on the variables directional wells, vertical wells and age, and, with these two first ones, a fundamental role in the determination of the environmental efficiencies. The oilfields produced low rates of dynamic efficiency for both Group 1 (27.30%) and Group 2 (38.58%), represented by dynamic two-dimensional graphical representation and their indices confirmed by logistic regression. The results allow to say that there is a poor management of the technological resources of the onshore fields of the Brazilian coastal basins, causing excessive amounts of the oil produced water.