Análise macro, meso e microscópica de bandas de deformação em arenitos porosos: aplicação na Bacia do Tucano-BA, NE do Brasil

Abstract

The deformation of porous sandstones present in sedimentary basins can result in nucleation of structures like deformation bands (Dbs). Such structures, formed due to localized deformation, are very common in the sandstones from the Ilhas Group (Tucano basin-NE Brazil). This work shows the results of a multiscale characterization of the Dbs in the Tucano basin, undertaken between Bananeiras and Agua Branca districts (Jeremoabo region, Bahia State). Remote sensing products (ETM + Landsat, X-band radar, and aerial photographs) revealed important NE-SW trending photo-lineaments highlighted by topographic high preserved from erosion. Two other subordinate sets, NNE-SSW and E-W trending, were also recognized. At mesoscopic scale, these photo-lineaments are represented by Dbs and related faults, hosted in quartz-arenite and sub-arkose. The Dbs occur as individual and clustersstructures thatsometimes, due to deformation increasing, had evolved to faults. Geometrically the Dbs can exhibit "eye" and ramp patterns or display an arrangement analogous to the Riedel shear fracture system as well as to the S-C pair, common in mylonites. Diagenetic-structural analysis revealed that the studied Dbs developed predominantly due to cataclastic flux during mesodiagenesis. However, Dbs formed through the hydrplastic and hydroplastic / cataclastic flows, pre, syn and postlithification conditions are also present. For its turn, faults related to the Dbs are associated with three different deformational events and exhibit variable kinematics. The NE-SW trending normal faults (strict sense) are the earliest structures associated with the D1e deformation event. These structures are partially affected by dextral (NNW-SSE) and sinistral (NE-SW) transcurrent faults, developed lately to D1 and referred to as D1l. The D2 event produced a set of NNE-SSW trending normal oblique slip faults. The early manifestation of the youngest D3 event (D3e) is represented by NE-SW and NNW-SSE trending normal oblique slip faults. During a late pulse (D3l) of D3 event, a set of NE-SW dextral, NNW-SSW reverse and N-S and NE-SW oblique reverse faults was generated. These D3l structures, however, are not widespread in the study area. The integrated analysis of all data allowed inserting the studied region in the geotectonic context of the NE-Brazil. The active stress field during D1 is compatible with the opening of the East Margin, which suggests a Neocomian age for this event. The D2 event, developed under an NNW-SSE extensional stress field, similarly to that responsible for the generation of Jatobá Basin master fault northward the study area. The NNE-SSW extensional stress field acting during D3 event suggests an association with the opening event of the Brazilian Equatorial Margin during the Aptian.