Corpo e educação: refletindo sobre as práticas pedagógicas na Educação Infantil

Abstract

Starting from the hypothesis that we are subject-bodies and understanding that the professionals who work in school become reference and influence children. The objective of this dissertation was to understand how the pedagogical practices in Child Education are related to the body and the movement of children and how they present themselves in the daily life of the school among the subjects involved in this practice. To that end, aspects related to body, body and movement conceptions were approached, based on the studies of Michel Foucault, Merleau-Ponty, the documents that govern Infant Education in Brazil and on some approaches to Cultural Studies in Education. We sought to make a brief historical survey about the body, infancy and early childhood education, in order to problematize and reflect on the importance of this stage of teaching, due to its specificities / particularities. In order to give visibility to the analysis of this research, ten observation sessions and a semi-structured interview with three professionals were used as methodological tools in a Municipal Child Education Center, located in the city of Recife - PE, under the foundations of the methodology of qualitative approach. Thematic blocks were elaborated from the objectives outlined centered on three points. Namely: The pedagogical practices: about the integral development of the children in the relations established in the school; Conceptions of body / body / movement - about being / being in the world and at school; The body of the child in Early Childhood Education x The body of the professional working in Early Childhood Education. The analysis of the data points to the fact that Early Childhood Education has not yet been able to constitute a privileged space for the integral development of the child, however, they indicate the relevance of the reflection on the pedagogical practices, and before this understanding, the professionals perceive their role reference to the children, understanding their ways of being and being in and out of school. It was also observed that the corporal movement is devalued in the pedagogical practice, is in some cases, like indiscipline, in which rigidity postures and control of the bodies are present, giving emphasis to the cognitive question. It was concluded that some conditioning factors of a technical and / or material nature limit the pedagogical action and, in a way, prevent professionals from considering the formation of the child in a broader way, when thinking about the place of the body in Early Childhood Education, an attention with respect to the training of the subjects that act directly in this stage of teaching.