Feminicídio contra mulheres e meninas potiguares: uma análise de 2011 a 2020

Abstract

In Brazil, the Maria da Penha (2006) and Feminicide (2015) laws deal with violence against women. Although in Brazilian law they present different texts, they are laws that complement each other. The first aims to protect women who are victims of domestic violence, whether psychological, physical or moral, and although it does not define penalties for aggressors, it proposes protective measures to keep the aggressor away from the victim as well as the creation of a support network for women. The second, Feminicide, started to add an aggravating factor to the crime of homicide, transforming the murder of women into qualified homicide. Feminicide is a murder of women because of their gender. The numbers of feminicide records and denouncements against the aggressor are important indicators of women's security, portraying the conditions of inequality in man-woman relationships that permeate Brazilian society. In this context, a relevant question is: in which situations are there more risks of women being victims of violent crime in Rio Grande do Norte (RN)? The objective of this work is to explore the scenario of violent crimes against women and girls from Rio Grande do Norte that imply death, to identify possible regional disparities and the socio-demographic profile of the victims. To this end, a review of the literature was made on the state of the art and consensus on the definition of violence against women; a documentary search of data from Rede e Instituto OBVIO was used. With that, it was possible to quantify and typify feminicide through the 1050 violent female deaths that occurred in the state in the period from 2011 to 2020. One can categorize 92% of violent female deaths as feminicide. The profile found in most victims is young, black, low income. From logistic regression models, it was possible to observe that women are more likely to die in or near their home than men and also more likely to be victims of bladed weapons, blunt objects or other means other than firearms, which reinforces the characteristics of actions motivated by hatred discussed in the concept of feminicide. In addition, the analysis made it possible to perceive the spread of violence within the state. Furthermore, it is argued that a society with such information is one step ahead in proposing policies aimed at preventing and addressing this problem.