Controle judicial da atividade do árbitro: o equilíbrio entre a jurisdição estatal e a jurisdição arbitral à luz do devido processo legal

Abstract

The present paper seeks to analyze the judicial control of the arbitrator's activity. Like the judge, the arbitrator is responsible not only for resolving the dispute submitted to him, but also for conducting the arbitration process, his performance being naturally subject to irregularities. For an arbitration to be carried out in compliance with the Brazilian legal system, especially with the dictates of due process of law, which especially makes the institute compatible with the constitutional order, an external control system exercised by the national courts is necessary. Such a system must be activated when an arbitration is not exercised within the limits inherent to it, when it takes place without agreement of the parties or beyond the legal and contractual provisions as applicable. Despite the Act no. 9.307/1996, called here the Arbitration Law, predicts a succinct regulation of how this mandatory external control is exercised, this does not prove to be sufficient to resolve the practical issues raised by the doctrine and jurisprudence in recent years, which sometimes legitimate an excessive and unnecessary judicial intervention, violating the jurisdiction of the arbitration jurisdiction. In view of this, it is intended to investigate how irregularities in arbitration can be controlled by the Judiciary to preserve the balance between state and conventional action, thus refuting any and all forms of irresponsible exercise of legal instruments of control, with the aim of guaranteeing the effectiveness of arbitration as an alternative means of access to justice.