Movimentos sociais e práticas de resistências: enfrentamento à letalidade de jovens em um território marcado por violências e lutas populares

Abstract

In Brazil, only in 2017, 65.602 lives were brutally exterminated, of which 35.783 were young. The Northeast region has concentrated the highest infant-juvenile rates, a phenomenon considered as “northeasternization of homicides”. Ceará showed the largest increase in murders in the federation with 5.134 victims, more than 76% of the juvenile segment. The legacy of a colonial society and heir of diasporas and genocides, black people still haunt and trigger deadly mechanisms racializing homicides in the state with a rate of 87,3 black people per 100 thousand inhabitants (12,7 non-blacks). In the capital of Ceará, 2.141 people had their lives mown, 71% of them were black or brown men, poor and inhabitants of peripheral urban areas, as in the case of the five neighbourhoods that constitute the region called Grande Bom Jardim (GBJ). This territory is historically bloodstained by the “necropolitical” and neoliberal logic, supported by mechanisms that subjugate lives to the power of death, exacerbate crime, violence and lethality against racialized young bodies considered superfluous to capital and the dynamics of consumption. Based on this debate, we intend to thematize and problematize this phenomenon, as well as reflect on the ways in which the political power appropriates these lives as an object of management and operate from the production and maintenance of mechanisms that “worse” and “erase” some groups considered “killable” and “unworthy of mourning”. Such a reading scenario is embodied from the meanings woven and vocalized by the GBJ peripheral youths, having as a counterpoint the social movements as resistance practices that make up the Youth Forum of the largest socio-political articulation in the territory, the GBJ’s Local, Integrated and Sustainable Development Network (DLIS Network). This Network, composed by 25 entities, constitutes itself as a space of resistance, political incidence and grassroot struggle in the territory, contributing in a coordinated manner, to strengthen the actions of diagnosis, planning and monitoring of public policies for guaranteeing and enforcing human rights such and facing violence against youth. Thus, we start from the following question of research: considering this scenario, what are the main practices of popular resistance and struggles, implicated and strategically committed to confronting youth lethality in Grande Bom Jardim? Based on that, we intend, as a general objective: to map resistance practices of young people who make up the Youth Forum of the Local, Integrated and Sustainable Development Network (DLIS Network), created in the territory of GBJ, in Fortaleza, aimed at confronting youth lethality. Having as specific objectives: knowing the life trajectories of young people who compound the DLIS Network Youth Forum; understanding discourses/narratives of young people who compose the DLIS Network Youth Forum about the daily dynamics of intensifying homicides in the territory and their effects on the production of subjectivities; analysing from which strategies the Youth Forum articulates itself with other local groups, collectives and entities that make up the DLIS Network in tackling youth lethality. We opted for a qualitative research from the perspective of cartography as a methodological research-inter(in)vention stratagey, following the activities developed by the Youth Forum and using the field jointly to the use of tools: field journal and the semi-structured interviews.We use the dialogs between Social Psychology and authors such as Butler, Mbembe, Fanon, Foucault, Agamben, Gohn, Ammann, among others that problematize themes that intersect social markers of difference that produce violence, providing a reading of the social construction that is also cultural, historical, political and psychosocial.