A questão social e o estado penal: uma análise sobre criminalização de mulheres apenadas no sistema prisional

Abstract

The present course conclusion paper discusses the relationship between the social issue and the penal state. The research focus brought an approach to female incarceration in Brazil. The main objective of the study was to understand the socio-historical determinations of the criminalization of women in the Brazilian prison system, highlighting the reality of Rio Grande do Norte. The research was carried out from a theoretical and methodological perspective of critical-dialectical foundation, from a qualitative analysis of bibliographical study, which investigated historically the insertion of women in crime, seeking to apprehend the historical reasons that influence this insertion and structural unfolding of precarious and subordinate lives, in the perspective of imprisonment. In addition to the bibliographic research, a documentary research was also carried out, using data from the reports made available by INFOPEN, postgraduate theses, master's and doctoral degrees, which are extracted the data regarding living conditions within the prison institutions and presented in this TCC, Marx, Waquant, Florestan Fernandes were also used to expose all social historicity. Finally, the results show that the social devastation of poverty, as a strong expression of structural violence in capitalism, is one of the social determinations that most impels workers to criminality, and to the committing of types of crimes that could be avoided, or decriminalized. Hence the fundamental bias of the criminalization of poverty (mostly blacks and browns, with a low level of education) on the part of the capitalist state. Thus, the working hypothesis was confirmed, whereas the State does not invest in the base and does not invest enough in broad and universal social policies, the dramatic containment of the social issue will tend to improve the Penal State.