Sistema Agroflorestal: estratégia de recuperação de área degradada no bioma da Caatinga

Abstract

Caatinga is the main biome of the Brazilian Northeast, which has suffered over the years due to its intense economic exploitation. This exploitation has transformed almost half of its extension into desertified areas. Because of this, studies are being conducted to mitigate the negative impacts generated by these activities. Based on this, this study aims to evaluate the implementation of an Agroforestry System as a strategy for the recovery of degraded areas in an area considered to be undergoing an accelerated desertification process of the Caatinga biome. The study was conducted in the rural settlement Trangola, located in the municipality of Currais Novos, Seridó region of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. For the experiment, seedlings of timber and fruit tree species were used, implanted in the 3 x 5 m and NI x NI m spacing, respectively. After planting, the seedlings were irrigated once a week, for a period of 30 days, and evaluated according to the variables: neck diameter (DC), height (H) and survival. Tabebuia aurea, Gliricidia sepium, Cenostigma nordestinum and Anadenantera columbrina were the species that presented the best results at the end of the evaluated period. The total survival rate found was 40%, while the fruit trees and lumber trees presented 26% and 63% of survival, respectively. Results were expected and considered positive for the adverse conditions of the site.