Avaliação experimental de materiais componentes de sistema de arraste aeroportuários

Abstract

The airplane is considered the safest means of transport that exists, with only 1 in every 3.1 million global flights resulting in an accident. Of these accidents, 40% occurred due to overruns of the runway during the landing or take-off phase. Meanwhile, at many airports it is possible to build a Runway End Safety Area (RESA) because of its dimensions. In this way, an additional safety measure has been created: Engineered Material Arrestor System (EMAS), an aircraft stop protection system capable of absorbing kinetic energy, damping airplane movement and reducing its speed to full stop, greatly reducing human injury and airplane damage. However, EMAS is patented and has a high cost of application and replacement. Thus, the general objective of this research was to develop a lightweight concrete with replacement of the large and small aggregates by perlite and joint compound, respectively; being this concrete of easy execution and quick replacement, as effective as EMAS and less expensive. The approach method was based on the kinematic similarity theory applied on a prototype model of a landing gear in contact with the developed concrete. The model equipment was designed from the inclination of a runway in 90 degrees with the horizontal plane, where the impact of the landing gear was simulated with a block of light concrete in dimensions of 45 cm in length, 60 cm in height and 20 cm wide. After 6 collision tests and analysis of the results obtained in the unconfined compression tests, for each of the six traces developed, it was verified that the best result was for the T3 trace, in the mass ratio of 1,00 : 0,55 : 1,33 : 2,66.