Bancos comunitários de sementes como estratégia para enfrentamento de vulnerabilidades socioambientais

Abstract

The Community Banks of Creole Seeds (CBS) constitute an important strategy used by family farmers with an agroecological basis to cope with drought and dry. This article aims to analyze the biodiversity of creole seeds in the BCS of the municipality of Casserengue-PB. The data were collected, together with BCS managers through interactive methods, observational, documentary analyzes, and queries to the database of the institutions involved with the monitoring. After tabulation, the information was returned and validated with the managers of the BSC and technicians of the institutions. The municipality of Casserengue, located in the Territory of Borborema, semi-arid region of Paraíba, has 7,058 inhabitants, of which 51.0% reside in the rural area. Its human development index (HDI) is low (0.514), characterizing serious socioeconomic problems. Seven BCS were counted, which together serve 250 families of farmers and have 121 members. The BCS stock was 1,679.8 kg of creole seeds, distributed in 08 species and 36 varieties, as follows: starter beans (780.0 kg; 12 varieties), maize (775.5 kg, 46.2%, 06 varieties), macassar bean (56.0 kg, 3.3%; 06 varieties), fava (52.0 kg, 3.1%, 05 varieties), fruit trees (1.3 kg, 0.1%, 01 variety), tree (1.0 kg, 0.06%, 01 variety), vegetable (0.5 kg, 0.03%, 01 variety) and sesame (0.25 kg, 0.01%, 01 variety). These seeds have passed through the years through natural and cultural selection, which gives them high genetic variability and greater resistance to the environmental characteristics of the region, constituting a recognized genetic-cultural patrimony and a strategy to face environmental vulnerability