Sistema de recirculação como alternativa para o semiárido

Abstract

Today's society is looking for sustainable production models in order to meet its food needs. Thus, it is necessary to develop sustainable proposals as alternatives to traditional food production models. The climate changes that Brazil faces, coupled with the difficulties that are always present in the semiarid region, make it increasingly difficult to produce food for the population, causing different losses, ranging from economic problems, such as nutritional difficulties of the community. As is known, aquaculture in Brazil has great potential for development, and like any means of production, they have been developing sustainable alternatives to produce food. Traditional methods of cultivation are becoming outdated, due to the impacts generated, and this fact has opened up opportunities to increase philosophies of water reuse and reduction of effluents in production. Adhering to these ideals, the Recirculation Systems emerged with advantages of increased production, water use, control of conditions and reduction of effluents, advantages that are opposed to the problems faced in the Brazilian semiarid region. In addition, Recirculation Systems allow integration with other technologies, such as hydroponics, integration popularly known as Aquaponics. Aquaponic systems have the advantages of recirculation systems and the advantage of plant production without the use of soil. In other words, aquaponics is a real and viable source, which can supply a family's food needs and/or become a source of income. Mainly due to the conscious use of water, recirculation systems can become excellent alternatives for sustainable development in the semi-arid region. The technological advance in the sense of associating aquaculture with the cultivation of vegetables is a sustainable strategy, which will be able to generate high quality animal and plant products (HUNDLEY et al., 2013).