Avaliação das alterações eletrolíticas produzidas por medicamentos e nutrição enteral

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the relationship between electrolytes administered via nutrition and drugs used in intensive care, and their potential interference in the electrolyte profile of patients. Methods: This was a longitudinal, prospective and retrospective study, consisting of 70 patients under intensive care, in which the use of nutritional therapy and electrolyte changes were assessed, through daily consultation of the institution's electronic medical records. Stata software version 12.0 was used for statistical analysis, considering significant p values < 0.05. Results: Patients were on average 57 years old, with a prevalence of male gender and main diagnosis (41.4%) diseases of the circulatory system. Greater disturbances were observed for K and Ca, differently from Na and Mg. According to the statistically significant associations, it is suggested that on days when the largest volume of calcium and injectable fluconazole are administered via nutrition, there is a tendency to increase the dosed calcium values (p=0.001), while on days when the largest volume of magnesium is administered via nutrition and injectable pantoprazole, there is a tendency to decrease the dosed magnesium values (p=0.014). Conclusion: The electrolytes K and Ca showed a greater tendency to variation. The statistically significant associations suggest that the use of nutritional therapy associated with fluconazole, tends to increase Ca concentration, while with pantoprazole, it is possibly associated with decreased Mg levels. A future prospection is to increase the number of patients included, so that it is possible to establish new associations or to concretize the ones suggested in this work.