Análise temporal dos custos hospitalares por doenças respiratórias no Brasil

Abstract

Introduction: Respiratory diseases (RD) affect individuals in all age groups. These diseases have a negative impact on patients' quality of life and cause costly costs to health services. These diseases can cause deaths if not managed appropriately. The information made available by DATASUS about RD can be used to facilitate professional decision-making, as well as to outline approach and treatment goals and favor the creation of public policies aimed at this population. Aim: To evaluate the financial costs of hospital admissions in the Brazilian population caused by respiratory diseases between 1998 and 2021. Methods: This is a descriptive, longitudinal and quantitative study, with data duly registered in the Hospital Information System of the Unified System of Health (SIH/SUS), referring to the costs generated by respiratory diseases in Brazil, including individuals aged 0 to 80 years. The following variables were extracted: total value, average value, average length of stay, and deaths; these were correlated with region, gender, age group, and morbidity list. The data were analyzed using the GraphPad Prism software version 5.0 and the significance level was set at 5%. Results: 34,749,023 hospitalizations were observed, representing a total of R$23,653,000,000.00 reais and an average of R$760.62 reais per hospital admission in the trained period. The age group between 20 and 80 years old had higher rates related to the number of internationals. Regarding the morbidity list, pneumonia emerged with the highest costs to the public healthcare system - R$11,415,000,000.00. The Southeast region exhibited the highest financial burden (R$9,192,000,000.00), the highest mortality rate (n= 907,434 - 49%), and the longest average hospital stay (5.9 days). Conclusion: Respiratory diseases, despite representing a public health problem, causes a major financial impact on the SUS. It's important to highlight the priority of strategy plans and actions to combat these diseases, especially pneumonia, for men and in the Southeast region, can reduce inequalities in public health.