A geografia escolar sob a lente do estudante - manual instrucional: aprendendo a gravar vídeos nas aulas de geografia

Abstract

Every day, educational institutions have incorporated technologies into their practice, including the use of cell phones and smartphones. This device processes information with high capacity, concatenating images, sounds and movements. In this direction, the presence of videos, in contemporary society and imagery, has grown, due to their production and reproduction capacity. Having identified the impact of audiovisual on the education of students, this work seeks to investigate how the production of videos made by students from the Early Years of Elementary School contributes to the learning of the themes of School Geography? Having defined the objectives of: a) Discussing the objects of knowledge and skills in Geography in the light of the Common National Curriculum Base – BNCC (BRASIL, 2017) for the 5th year of Elementary School; b) Presenting the video as a resource for learning Geography in the Early Years; and, c) Propose the instructional designer to guide the manual. It is noteworthy that this research comprises the production of teaching material with guidance on the production of videos by students, as a possibility of building geographical narratives, aiming at the consolidation of skills and abilities related not only to the domain of content in school geography, as the construction of scripts and didactic use of digital technologies for the production of educational audiovisuals. This work, therefore, proposes to present an instructional manual, guiding the production of videos by students in the 5th year of elementary school, considering the objects of knowledge and skills of geography proposed by the BNCC (BRASIL, 2017). This is a qualitative applied research, as it seeks to contribute to the practical field of basic education, making use of bibliographical research, having as a parameter the procedures of systematic and integrative review, in which it sought to understand the challenges of Teaching Geography, as well as understanding video as a learning strategy. For this, the following research procedures were carried out: a) a search in databases that dealt with video and school geography; added by b) a documental research, in which, based on the guiding documents of Brazilian education, the scenario of Geographic Education in the country was understood. Also, in the methodological path, aiming at validating the proposal, using techniques specific to exploratory research, c) applied a questionnaire with 5th grade students of a school located in the rural area of Santana do Matos/RN, in order to identify the use and presence of technological resources in the daily lives of students. Then, in order to validate the research's guiding question, d) a didactic sequence was applied, in which the collaborating students of the study put into practice, through the script of activities in a preliminary version of the manual (master's product), their knowledge, from which, they produced videos addressing an object of knowledge in Geography. The students' productions were analyzed through e) an evaluation form based on the descriptive analysis method, in which it was possible to verify that the narratives produced, in audiovisual, show their power for the construction of geographic knowledge by the students, as seen that, when producing the video, the student actively moves knowledge demonstrating theoretical-conceptual and practical domain, referring to aspects related to their places of experience, with contribution to the knowledge of Geography themes. As a result, exploratory research proves the validity of the proposal of video production by students as an effective strategy for the construction of learning in school geography, demonstrating the potential of the Instructional Manual: learning to record videos in geography classes.