Potencialidades do sistema agroflorestal para reflorestamento da Caatinga: uma experiência no assentamento Moacir Lucena - Apodi/RN

Abstract

The Caatinga is historically one of the most degraded biomes in Brazil alongside the Atlantic Forest and the Amazon. One of the main causes of extensive deforestation is the consumption of firewood and charcoal in the semi-arid region. As an alternative to the hegemonic agricultural model, the family farming model use agroforestry systems (ASF) as an increase in family income and for the production of goods and food in a sustainable way. The present study aimed to investigatethe use of an agroforestry system of 16 years of installation, located in the Moacir Lucena settlement, in Apodi-RN, as an alternative for the Caatinga reforestation. As a basis for comparison, in addition to the study area, we included afallow land (legal reserve) naturally regenerated post an anthropization processes and extracts from the Parque Nacional da Furna Feia (control area). A floristic and phytosociological survey was carried out including the measurement of plant diversity, collection and botanical analyzes. Ten systemic plots of 20mx20m were installed in the area of the agroforestry system and legal reserve and 6 plots of 20mx20m in the control area of the Parque Nacional da Furna Feia. The managed successional agroforestry system has greater richness and species diversity when compared to the other areas managed similarly in the Caatinga biome. It also scored superior phylogenetic diversity when compared to Furna Feia and the legal reserve, Shannon (H ') index of agroforestry and Furna Feia were similar, equability values (J) not expressively different and the floristic similarity index (Jaccard) of the agroforestry system with Furna Feia data washigher, which leads to the conclusion that study and the control area presentedsimilar data resulting in a positive potential for the use of management agroforestry for the Caatinga biome reforestation.