As políticas de mercado de trabalho para a juventude na "agenda de trabalho decente" dos países BRICS

Abstract

The focus of this research is on the criticism of the types of Policies designed for youth that prioritize the formation of human capital, under the circumstances of cooperation with International Organizations, which use their institutional apparatus and international influence to homogenize Labor Market Policies Youth - PMTJ and hegemonize neoliberal precepts about the future generation. It is based on the International Labor Organization's Decent Work National Agendas, effective until 2017, in the BRICS Group countries: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. It uses Laurence Bardin's Content Analysis methodology (2011) and Amado (2017), in addition to the bibliographic and documentary research dealing with the themes Human Capital, Social Capital and Decent Work in the first case, and the National Decent Work Agendas of the five countries, as well as the Summit Declarations of the BRICS in the second case. The first results of the Content Analysis point to the presence of five guiding PMTJ categories in the BRICS Agendas, namely: increased employability, changes in the education system, entrepreneurship, changes in labor laws and social policy with conditional cash transfer. These categories, belonging to the Theory of the Renewed Human Capital, are producing a homogenization of the PMTJ regardless of the concrete situation of the country. Another point that was also verified is that when there is the cooperation of the countries and the BRICS Group with the International Organizations regarding the orientation of the PMTJ, the presence of the five neoliberal categories, such as the Decent Work National Agendas, continues to be identified; ODS Goal No. 08 on Decent Work, as well as the Group's Cooperation with UNESCO in the area of education and with the ILO in the area of Labor. On the other hand, when the BRICS Group cooperates in preparing its own PMTJ without the cooperation of International Organizations, such as the BRICS Youth Agenda, the five categories are not identified. It is concluded that, regardless of the social reality of the country, the Neoliberal Theory of Human Capital uses the influence and institutional apparatus of International Organizations to homogenize Youth Labor Market Policies, under the same principles, namely formal instruction, employability, entrepreneurship, changes in labor laws and conditional cash transfer policies.