Direito à moradia: uma avaliação de implementação do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida - faixa 1 no município de Natal/RN (2016 - 2021)

Abstract

The urbanization process in Brazil has brought about intense transformations in the urban form of large cities, leading to macroeconomic changes through the implementation of industries and services, with road works accompanied by infrastructure to facilitate the functional flow between cities and the global world. In the social environment it has had effects on the quality of life of the low-income population, such as the growing housing shortage, spatially segregated from the urban and social services that make up the right to the city. The housing deficit has become a strongly evident expression in Brazil's large metropolises, requiring interventions by the public authorities and other social actors to ensure decent conditions for adequate housing. In face of this, the emergence of the movements fighting for housing was the fruit of the emergence of a social consciousness of recognizing rights, mobilizing and pressuring the intervention in their social issues, entering the public scene with public policies. Minha Casa Minha Vida (MCMV) was a Housing Policy (HP) program that aimed to produce housing for this population, with the goal of minimizing the housing deficit, besides being an economic strategy in the midst of the world crisis. This research carried out an evaluation of the implementation of the PMCMV in Natal/RN, followed by the specific objectives: a) to investigate housing policy in Brazil, b) to analyze the institutional design of Minha Casa Minha Vida - Faixa 1 in Natal/RN and c) to evaluate the implementation of this social program for low-income population in the municipality of Natal. The methodological process adopted consisted of a bibliographic review of academic literature on the urban question, housing policy and housing programs; documentary research in the city hall archives; and interviews with program beneficiaries, leaders of movements fighting for housing in Natal, as well as program managers and technicians. Therefore, it was found that the degree of implementation of the My Home My Life Program - Track 1 was not sufficient, such as the absence of public services in the locality where the houses are offered, the non-implementation of the Social Work Project during the pre-construction, construction and post-construction process, and the non-delivery of all the housing units contracted. On the other hand, a certain degree of sufficiency was reached regarding the knowledge of the norms and ordinances that govern the program, as well as in the publicizing of information to the target audience.