Avaliação técnica da utilização do resíduo de uma usina de asfalto em misturas de concreto asfáltico usinado a quente

Abstract

Currently road transport in Brazil is the main means of movement of goods, services and people. Given this situation, with population growth, it is necessary to carry out maintenance and construction of highways in the country, which leads to the exploitation of natural resources and the generation of waste that cause major environmental problems. In this segment, it's important mentioning that in the production process of Hot-Machined Asphaltic Concrete (HMAC) a residue called Brita Graduate with Asphalt (BGA) is generated, a noble material, composed of coarse aggregates, small aggregates and Petroleum Asphalt Cement (PAC). Thus, the present study analyzed the technical feasibility of using BGA in proportions of 0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8%, by mass, in relation to new hot-machined asphalt mixtures for application in of road works. For this, chemical characterization analysis by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), mineralogical analysis by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and physics of BGA and natural aggregates were carried out. Asphalt mixtures with the incorporation of BGA were produced based on Marshall dosing procedures, embodied in the National Department of Transport Infrastructure (NDTI) standards. At the end of the work, it was verified that the mixes of concrete with 2% and 8% of BGA presented the best values for the volumetric parameters and Marshall stability, so that they were superior to those recommended by the Brazilian technical standards. In addition, the results of the physical, chemical and mineralogical characterization revealed values compatible with the natural aggregates used in paving works in the country. Thus, it is concluded that the use of BGA presents itself as an alternative material to be used in the composition of (HMAC), meeting the technical criteria required by Brazilian agencies, in addition to providing advantages from an economic and environmental point of view.