Efeito da fotobiomodulação adjuvante ao tratamento periodontal básico na densidade óssea de pacientes com periodontite: um estudo piloto

Abstract

Introduction: Low-level laser therapy has been used as an adjunct to basic and surgical periodontal treatment due to the understanding of its anti-inflammatory and biostimulant effects. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of adjuvant photobiomodulation to non-surgical periodontal treatment on the radiographic bone density (RBD) of patients with periodontitis. Methodology: A pilot, split-mouth study was carried out in 3 diseased sites in different quadrants of five patients. Each site was randomly submitted to one of the three non-surgical periodontal treatment protocols: control group (Crown Scaling and Straightening - SRP), test group 1 (T1 - SRP + intrasulcular laser therapy) and test group 2 (T2 - SRP + transgingival laser therapy). Therapy with low power laser, with a wavelength of 808nm, was performed in three moments, being 48 hours, 7 and 14 days after the completion of full-mouth RACR, 20 seconds per site. Clinical periodontal and RBD parameters were evaluated at baseline (T0) and 3 months (T3). The densitometric analysis was performed with the help of the ImageJ Software, through the delimitation of the analyzed area. Results: The Test 1 group showed greater RBD in 80% of its analyzed sites, while Control and Test 2 improved in 60%; In terms of periodontal clinical parameters, Test 1 was also better, with a decrease in PS in 100% of the sites and a decrease in NIC in 80% of the sites. Conclusion: The use of laser in its intrasulcular application form seems to have promising results in RBD and periodontal clinical parameters.