Uma análise do processo político-econômico venezuelano do governo bolivariano de Hugo Chávez (1999-2013)

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze the Venezuelan political process known as the Bolivarian Revolution and, through it, to evaluate the government of Hugo Chavez (1999-2013). From this perspective, this study provides an overview of Venezuelan history before Hugo Chavez exercised power, analyzing the main moments that were important until his arrival in the government: "Pacto de Punto Fijo" and "Caracazo". This research tries to understand, through a qualitative and bibliographical analysis, the articulations between the different fractions of classes in the power block that expresses the government of Hugo Chavez, since these articulations generate specific effects in the State apparatus and public policies - especially in social policies. The analysis of the power bloc is based on an assumption based on the context of the deepening of the capitalist world crisis - since 2008 - and the consequences of falling commodity prices, which affected the main source of Venezuelan income : the oil. We assume that Venezuela would be in front of a "boliburguesia". In this, we defend the idea that the hegemony of the block in power continues being of the petroleum rentier sector and that the Venezuelan government could be Bonapartist or Cesarean. Moreover, we argue that there is no road to socialism in Chavista Venezuela because private bourgeois property is not questioned. Thus, we consider that this research is based on an analysis of the bloc in power during the Chávez administration, which allows us to identify elements based on economic aspects established in Venezuela, which are not only internal but also external.