Avaliação da redução da expansividade de solo estabilizado com resíduo de beneficiamento de rochas ornamentais

Abstract

Expansive soils exhibit volumetric instability when exposed to variations in moisture content. Understanding the mechanisms of soil expansion and identifying effective stabilization techniques are critical for minimizing structural and economic losses in civil construction. Among the various stabilization methods, chemical stabilization is particularly notable, typically involving the addition of Portland cement or hydrated lime. However, the high costs and environmental impact associated with producing these materials have prompted researchers to explore alternative stabilizers, including industrial solid waste, which is often produced in large quantities and inadequately disposed of. This study aims to analyze the volumetric stabilization of expansive soil using ornamental rock processing waste, evaluating improvements in the soil's mechanical, hydraulic, and deformability properties. Expansive soil samples were collected in Mossoró, RN, and stabilized by incorporating ornamental rock processing waste at replacement rates of 11.10%, 25.00%, and 42.86% of the total soil mass. Preliminary analyses of the expansive soil, waste material, and soil-waste mixtures included particle size distribution (sieving and sedimentation), Atterberg limits, and specific gravity tests. Chemical characterization was conducted using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Finally, mechanical behavior was assessed through consolidation tests to determine expansion pressure. The results indicate that incorporating ornamental rock processing waste into expansive soil shows significant potential for mitigating soil expansivity. The reduction in clay content and the addition of non-plastic materials improved the mechanical properties of the soil, enhancing its strength and suitability for civil engineering applications. This approach presents an effective and environmentally sustainable solution for managing expansive soils.