Os Sertões e o MEB: o processo de "civilizar" o homem sertanejo através do trabalho educativo do MEB/Sistema Caicó (1963-1974)

Abstract

The dissertation text presented consists of analyzing the process of civilizing the man of the Sertão do Seridó through the educational work developed by MEB/Sistema Caicó. With this, we investigated, through the traces left by the documentation of the MEB, the development of the educational work narrated by the reports, grids of the radio programs, by the studies of areas presented by the documentation during the year 1963 to the year of 1974. The referenced temporality is related the beginning of the educational activities of the MEB Caicó system, in the sertões of Seridó, as well as the actions of Animação Popular with the communities assisted by the movement in the fight against illiteracy and the applicability of this educational process presented in the reports prepared by the coordinators of the MEB Caicó system during the 1974. The Seridó is perceived as a social, political and privileged place for its peculiar interests. The analysis will be guided by the concepts of Civility by Nobert Elias (1994), which presents how the process of Western civilization happened through the transformations of individual and collective behaviors and emotions. The concept of Conscientization by Paulo Freire (2001) presented as the movement to make man aware through a process of awareness of reality. The work presents references that allow walking through the understanding of the sertão space, as well as the sertão of Seridó, where the educational process of the MEB took place. The methodology used is qualitative, which was carried out through readings of newspapers, icnographic material, letters, official documents of the MEB/Sistema Caicó, its didactic material, reports, grid of the programming of the subjects approached by the speaker teachers produced by the MEB, available in the LABORDOC of CERES Caicó, another part of the material in the custody of Colégio Diocesano de Caicó (CDS), as well as Cáritas Diocesana de Caicó. The action process of the MEB Sistema Caicó used the radio as an educational tool and was able to transform the mentality of rural men and women, as well as to “civilize” the sertão do Seridó space, through a radio program aimed at changing behavior, of this sertanejo seridoense. The educational process presented by the analyzed documentation, was not able to perceive resistance from the sertanejo population in face of the applicability of the process in “civilizing” the individual and collective behaviors and emotions of the sertanejos.