Sistema de numeração decimal e operações fundamentais: do rigor matemático a uma abordagem para professores polivalentes

Abstract

The present work has as main objective to develop a didactic material approaching the conceptual meanings of the fundamental operations with the natural numbers, aimed to the teachers who teach Mathematics in the initial years of the Elementary School. The majority of them, who have a degree in Pedagogy, do not received sufficient nurture in Mathematics, its because the Pedagogy courses give priority to methodological issues, to the detriment of the specific contents of the disciplines. Our research was based, mainly, on the studies carried out by Curi (2004) and we did a recent research in the educational program of Pedagogy courses in some public universities in several Brazilian states, in order to detect the subjects destined to the study of Math. We will approach the content of Numbers from the point of view of mathematical accuracy and also over a more accessible language for non-mathematicians. Finally, as an Educational Product, resulting from our research and reflections, we prepared a handout to be used in a minicourse of continuing education for teachers in the Elementary School, exploring the decimal numbering system and the essential operations with natural numbers. For this, we used the Basic Problematization Units - BPU (UBPs in Portuguese), a task proposed by Miguel and Mendes (2010), which rescues historical and social practices, and from them investigative and reflective questions are elaborated.