Análise da inoculação de células tronco mesenquimais na presença do fator de crescimento fibroblástico 2, na regeneração morfológica e funcional em modelo de lesão por esmagamento do Nervo Facial de ratos Wistar

Abstract

Studies have shown the influence of the environment on the growth of peripheral nervous system (PNS) injured nerve fibers, as well as the potential for stem cell (CT) use, associated or not with Fibroblast Growth Factor - 2 (FGF - 2), in make this environment more conducive to nerve regeneration. Thus, the study proposes to analyze the effect of the inoculation of mesenchymal CTs in combination or not with FGF-2, in promoting facial nerve regeneration. Wistar rats were submitted to facial nerve crushing in the vicinity of the post-auricular region and were treated or not with CT associated or not with FGF-2. Then, the behavioral evaluation of the animals was performed for 90 days, after which the facial nerve tissue analysis was performed through immunohistochemistry for the growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43), for the nuclear neuronal protein (NeuN), for Protein glial fibrillary acid (GFAP) and for OX-42. The work was approved with protocol 005/16 of CEEA / UERN. The study showed the influence of stem cells and FGF-2 on the motor function behavior of animals submitted to facial nerve injury, evidenced by behavioral analysis. When we compared the four groups in the histological evaluation, they showed significant differences between them. When comparing the results, it is observed that the group with CT administration and the group CT associated with FGF-2 and the group FGF-2, presented better results. The group FGF-2 presented a larger number of fibers, thus demonstrating a greater axonal budding, thus confirming the properties of FGF-2 in stimulating the regenerative process. Given the results, it is evident that the use of FGF-2 potentiated the regenerative process of the facial nerve, providing a more significant functional and histological recovery.