Estudo das características clínicas de gestantes com Covid-19 e resposta sorológica de anticorpos IgG e IgA contra peptídeos da proteína Spike do Sars-Cov-2

Abstract

The new coronavirus pandemic has challenged health systems all over the world and the entire society. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical and laboratorial profiles of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in hospitalized pregnants of the Januário Cicco Maternity School, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. The study is prospective in which were included 80 pregnant symptomatic women (median age: 27 years) with suspected COVID-19 and sixteen patients who had had COVID19 earlier in pregnancy and were no longer symptomatic at the time of collection of samples, between the period of march and december of 2021. SARS-CoV-2 detection were made by RTPCR in samples of naso/oropharyngeal swab and antibodies search were made by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) which detected IgG and IgA antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. Among the 80 symptomatic patients, 40 (50%) were RT-PCR positive and 40 were RT-PCR negative. Sixty-nine sera samples were obtained from the symptomatic pregnants for antibodies detection analysis, 58% (40/69) samples had anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG or IgA, in which 30,4% were IgG and IgA positive; 11,6% were IgG positive and IgA negative; 15,9% were IgG negative and IgA positive; 42% were IgG and IgA negative. Most frequent symptoms in contaminated women were: cough (52,5%), rhinorrhea (35%), fever (32,5%) and sore throat (27,5%). Eight infected patients needed support ventilation. Acute respiratory distress syndrome were present in 7,5% (3/40) of patients and one died. Average length of stay in the infected population were of 8,3 days. In regard of the newborns, evidence of vertical transmission were not found. These data contribute to a better understanding of the characteristics and the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy.