Obtenção de compósito híbrido PEAD/mAlgas/MMT-Ag/PE-g-MAH

Abstract

Polymeric hybrid composites are formed by several phases of different compositions, in which the interfacial interaction between these materials is one of the factors that determine the final properties. The study of interfacial modifications is extremely important for the development of a material with technical quality for industrial application. The objective of this work was to obtain hybrid composites with a highdensity polyethylene (HDPE) matrix, varying the compositions and concentrations of fillers types, namely, microalgae (mAlgas), organophilic montmorillonite clay (MMT), montmorillonite clay treated with nanoparticles silver (MMT-Ag) and the use of polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride (PE-g-MAH), as an interfacial compatibilization agent, aiming to study interfacial interactions correlated with the mechanical and rheological properties of polymer hybrid composites. Bulk formulations were varied from 2 and 4 wt% mAlgas, 2 and 4 wt% MMT, 3 wt% MMTAg and 3 wt% PE-g-MAH. The mixtures were compounded in a twin-screw extruder and test specimens were produced by injection molding. The characterizations of the fillers were carried out by measurements of fluidity index (MFI), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and the characterizations of the compound formulations were MFI, XRD , XRF, SEM, EDS, uniaxial traction and Shore D hardness. The results showed that mAlgas contribute to an increase in fluidity, while MMT decreases fluidity during processing in the melt state. Hybrid composites using PE-g-MAH showed lower fluidity, whereas HDPE/MMT/PE-g-MAH composites showed lower fluidity, that is, the results showed the reactive interaction of maleic anhydride with mAlgas and MMT. The mechanical characterizations evaluated the influence of shape, types of fillers and interfacial interaction on the properties of HDPE/mAlgas/MMT-Ag/PE-g-MAH hybrid composites, elucidating the interactions between the components of this complex system of mixtures.