Estresse, burnout e transtorno de estresse pós-traumático em profissionais de saúde atuantes no combate ao Sars-Cov-2

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the biggest humanitarian and emergency public health crises in the world, bringing psychic, social and economic repercussions. For health professionals, in addition to the anguish shared with the population, they still faced complex challenges regarding front-line work, being reputed as a vulnerable group to psychic changes. Considering this, we sought, through a cross-sectional and correlational study, to evaluate: Stress, Burnout and PTSD in health professionals who are working on the front lines of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. A total of 120 professionals from the multidisciplinary team from two public hospitals in Rio Grande do Norte participated, 53% of the participants worked at the Municipal Hospital of Natal and 47% at the Giselda Trigueiro Hospital. For investigation, the following instruments were used: sociodemographic questionnaire, Perception of Stress Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist. Data analysis was based on descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed moderate levels of Perceived Stress with an average of 20.71. Considering the dimensions of stress (negative and positive) there were statistical differences, highlighting a higher score for positive stress, which favors a better performance in the face of pressure situations. Regarding PTSD, 39.17% of the participants fit into the probable cases for the disorder, considering the DSM-5 criteria. For this construct, the most prevalent symptoms were those of reliving the traumatic event. In the evaluation of Burnout, meeting the criterion of high levels in the three dimensions, the prevalence of the syndrome was found in 48.33% of the participants. Considering the dimensions specifically, the scores were high for Emotional Exhaustion 49.17% and low Personal Fulfillment 84.17%. In Depersonalization, 51.17% of professionals scored medium and 48.33% high. As for the correlations between the investigated constructs, positive correlations were identified between Perceived Stress with Burnout and PTSD. And negative correlations, between the dimension Professional Achievement with Depersonalization, PTSD and Stress Perception. Working on the front line was associated with considerable levels of Perception of Stress, PTSD and Burnout in professionals, indicating the need for interventions aimed at psycho-emotional care.