Estudo da degradação térmica e termocatalítica de petróleo leve na presença da zeólita H-Beta e avaliação dos produtos por PY - CG/MS

Abstract

Knowledge of the oil composition and its products is an absolute necessity in a refinery for adjusting the process conditions. Thus the optimization of petroleum refining is essential for predicting the distribution of products and their quality. Perform the kinetic study of the thermal and catalytic degradation in the presence of zeolite H -Beta and evaluate the products obtained by PY-GC/MS of light oil was the main objective of this work. However, data correlations were made obtained by Simulated Distillation by Gas Chromatography (SIMDIST), the thermal gravimetric analysis (TG / DTG) and pyrolysis coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC/MS), to assist in the analysis of data. Through Fluorescence technique of X-ray energy dispersive (EDX) following the ASTM D4294 method it was possible to determine the sulfur content in the sample. Thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) showed three-step weight loss, where the first stage relates to the removal of light hydrocarbons and organic compounds. The second step is decomposition of aromatic high molecular weight. And the third stage was the degradation of coke. Through the technique PY-GC/MS were detected degradation products of the oil sample at temperatures of 250ºC, 350ºC and 450ºC, with and without the presence of zeolite H-Beta. The thermal and catalytic degradation of light oil sample was carried out from room temperature to 900C, the heating rates of 5, 10 and 20 ° C min-1. The curves generated by TG/DTG showed a faster degradation in the sample oil without H-Beta catalyst. These results were confirmed by activation energy calculated using the kinetic method - Free (Vyazovkin modelfree Kinetic) in the presence of the catalyst decreased energy, in particular in cracking band, showing the process efficiency, particularly for obtaining lightweight materials of light oil sample composition, such as diesel and gasoline.