Uso de dantroleno em casos de sindrome neuroléptica maligna: um protocolo de orientações farmacêuticas

Abstract

Introduction: Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) is a rare and potentially fatal neurological emergency that may be associated with the use of antipsychotic drugs. There is no definitive consensus on the management in suspected or confirmed cases of the syndrome. However, differential diagnoses and evidence-based recommendations from clinical practice guide pharmacological treatment. Dantrolene is an uncommon medication in clinical practice, making it necessary to clarify questions related to its use. Therefore, it is essential to standardize practices carried out by professionals in an institution through the development of protocols. Objective: To develop a protocol for the use of dantrolene in patients diagnosed with or suspected of having Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) that is refractory to conventional treatment. Materials and Methods: This is a methodological study with a qualitative approach, comprising two stages: in the first, a literature review on the topic will be conducted, and in the second stage, the protocol structure will be developed. The study will use the list of standardized medications available on the hospital intranet. From this list, antipsychotics used in the institution will be selected, along with medications aimed at the pharmacological therapy for neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Research sources will include clinical protocols, therapeutic guidelines, international/national guidelines, and indexed articles from the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, PDR, UpToDate, and Lexicomp. The study will be conducted from September 2024 to January 2025, including research published within the last 5 years. Expected Results and Impact: It is expected that the protocol will be made available and validated by the institution and published on the intranet platform Wiki-HUOL, so that all healthcare professionals in the hospital can access the information.