O Programa Nacional do Livro Didático e o Ensino de Geografia na Rede Pública de Parnamirim - RN

Abstract

This study deals with the National Didactic Book Program (NDBP) and the didactic book market in Brazil, reflecting on the importance of NDBP and its insertion in the National Education Policy, its previous bases, the pubblishing market and the subjects involved in the process of choosing the didactic book. Beyond this aspect, it was sought to evidence the influence of NDBP in the teaching of Geography in the public network of the municipality of Parnamirim (RN). From this perspective, the following question arises: how is the process of choosing the didactic book influenced by the publishing market and how does it affect the teaching of the basic network of Parnamirim (RN)? The general purpose is to analyze the process of choosing the didactic book in the basic network of Parnamirim (RN) and investigate the influence of this resource on the teaching of Geography in the municipality. The development of the project was supported by documentary and bibliographic research, as well as empirical research, with information gathering in schools and interviews with teachers and students. About the didactic book and its process of choosing we contribute in the ideas of Maciel (2016), Lajoro (1996), Schäffer (2003), Bittencourt (1993), Choppin (2004), Vasconcelos & Souto (2003), Sposito (2006), Wille & Braga (2010), Val (2004), Razzini (2010), Santos (2006), Santos (2016), Romanatto (2009), Silva (1992). For the understanding of the didactic book market we use as reference Cassiano (2004, 2005 and 2007), Warde (2011), Silva (2012), Munakata (2012 and 2016), Mello (2012), Marx (1971 and 1968). About the teaching we use authors as Ponthuschka, Paganelli & Cacete (2007), Libâneo (1991, 1994 and 2012), Nuñez, Ramalho, Silva & Campos (2009). To talk about teaching and DB, we use Cavalcanti (2010), Pires (2009), Pina (2009). The results of the research point to some problems regarding the process of choosing the didactic book in the public basic network of Parnamirim (RN), since we find that it is strongly influenced by the publishing market, since the practice of choice is mediated by the representatives of the major publishers, conditions that affect directly the teaching and learning process, in as much as the practices of teachers' planning are limited, in general, to the use of the adopted DB chapters, making teaching even more encyclopedic, contents. Moreover, it was noticed by the students some conceptual and linguistic flaws in DBs, which also affect teaching, for hindering the understanding, thus, reflecting on all of these points.