Desenvolvimento tecnológico e caracterização de hidrogel contendo Aloe vera (L). Burman f.

Abstract

Chemical composition and therapeutic properties of Aloe vera (L.) Burman f. (A. vera) explain its potential use in cosmetic, nutritional and pharmaceutical applications. Mucilaginous gel present in the leaves of A. vera is rich in several compounds, mainly polysaccharides. Most of the reported therapeutic activities of these polysaccharides are indicated by the presence of glucomannan, with acemannan being the predominant polysaccharide. Acemannan has been incorporated into commercially available wound healing products for wound application. The objective of the present work has developed a hydrogel for topical use containing mucilage of A. vera to use in skin disease like psoriasis. The hydrogels were prepared with 80% (w / w) of A. vera mucilage, varying two types of polymer (anion and nonionic) carbomer 940 1% (FC1 and FC2) or hydroxyethylcellulose 2% (FH3 and FH4), as well as preservatives, antioxidants and sequestrants. Polysaccharide fractions were extracted from the mucilage. All of them were used as a group of chemical markers and characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared (IR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The quantification of these markers in the raw material, mucilage, and in the hydrogel was carried out using spectrophotometric techniques in the UV-VIS region. Four hydrogels (FC1, FC2, FH3 and FH4) were obtained from the mucilage of A. vera and evaluated for their organoleptic, rheological, pH and acemannan content. The hydrogels FH3 and FH4 (hydroxyethylcellulose) presented acemannan content of 6.76 and 4.01 mg / g, respectively, FH4 presented pH 4.6 and FH3 showed reoptic behaviour. The carbomer formulations FC1 and FC2 presented acemannan content of 8.69 mg / g and 9.17 mg / g, respectively, ideal pH for application in psoriasis, good spreadability, rheological behaviour of the pseudoplastic and thixotropic gels, therefore, taking into account the characteristics ideal for a semi-solid form of topical application.