Reações adversas a medicamentos em gestantes diabéticas e hipertensas hospitalizadas

Abstract

Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to adverse drug reactions (ADRs), especially those with diabetes and hypertension. The occurrence of ADRs is a problem for patient safety and quality of health care. The aim of this study was to detect the incidence and factors associated with ADRs in hospitalized diabetic and hypertensive pregnant women. This was an observational, longitudinal and prospective study with the aim of evaluating the incidence of ADRs in diabetic and hypertensive pregnant women, their characteristics and factors related to their occurrence, involving 572 diabetic and hypertensive pregnant women. To determine the factors associated with the ADRs, a multivariate model by logistic regression will be used. The results show that the incidence rate of ADRs was 634.4 ADR per 1,000 patient days (95%CI: 522.7 - 787.1) and 21.5% of patients had at least one. Hyperglycemia, blurred vision and increased transaminases were the ADRs most related to the use of systemic corticosteroids, antimetheic and anti-nausea drugs, and centrally acting anti-adrenal drugs. Longer hospitalization time (OR 1052, 95%CI: 1010 – 1097, p = 0.016) and greater number of prescribed medications (OR 1200, 95%CI: 1099 – 1310, p < 0.001) were related to the occurrence of ADRs. Conclusion: In general, we observed that ADRs are affected in the first 24 hours and that pregnant women with longer hospital stays and using more medications are at greater risk of ADR.