Sistemas de informações geográficas (SIG) como subsidio ao ordenamento territorial: aplicação nos sistemas de abastecimento de água potável e esgotamento sanitário de São Fernando/RN

Abstract

Basic sanitation consists of solid waste management services, rainwater management and mainly the highlight in this research: drinking water supply, sanitary sewage. The absence of these services and/or poor management can cause both financial and human losses, thus becoming a global concern. basic sanitation in the areas of drinking water supply and sanitary sewage in the municipality of São Fernando frete as goals of the ONU 2030 agenda. Thus, in view of the aforementioned problem, this research aims to analyze the spatial distribution of the operational systems of basic sanitation in the city in the spheres of drinking water supply and sanitary sewage through a GIS platform in the municipality of São Fernando-RN in year 2019. To achieve this objective, a GIS platform was used - Geographic Information System, feeding it with primary and main data collected with an RPA - Remotely Piloted Aircraft and collection of testimonies about it of drinking water supply systems and sanitary sewage through the inductive method, from the perspective of the geography of health over the geopolitical territory. With this it was possible to raise, systematize, analyze and describe the two systems for rural and urban areas through a quantitative and qualitative diagnosis where it was possible to see that the qualitative survey portrays a more accurate reality than the quantitative, where no quantitative is the total index of water service and total service of lower values of 98.29% and 63.92% respectively, but in the qualitative analysis it is clear that the reality is different, where there is no water supply, in some sectors the index is low: sector 4 (1%), sector 3 (19%), sector 1 (28%), that is, masked by the quantitative generalization and not related to sanitary sewage, the reality was even more distorted, since the index was 0 in the entire rural area. %. Quantitative and qualitative approach was necessary and satisfactory, as well as the methodology and set of techniques chosen, as it was the most suitable for the region in view of the dynamics of the semiarid region in which the municipality is located.