Uso do ácido acetilsalicílico, expressão de marcadores da pré-eclâmpsia e doppler de artérias uterinas no segundo trimestre gestacional

Abstract

Preeclampsia (PE) occurs in pregnancy with hypertension and proteinuria, or target organ failure, and is associated with maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Among the risk factors for PE is maternal obesity. In pathophysiology, vascular and placental inflammatory dysfunction occurs, altering serum and biophysical markers. Acetyl Salicylic Acid (AAS) can prevent the disease by reducing the inflammatory process. The objective of the study was to analyze, in pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy, whether the use of AAS interferes with the Doppler of the uterine arteries and serum PE markers, and observe how they behave in obese pregnant women. This was a cross-sectional study, involving 71 pregnant women between 20 and 24 weeks and 06 days of gestation, recruited in two municipalities in Rio Grande do Norte between December 2022 and October 2023. Questionnaires were applied to characterize the population; morphological ultrasound of the 2nd trimester with Doppler assessment of the uterine arteries and measurement of serum PlGF (Placental Growth Factor) levels. The data were tabulated in SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences – version 4.2.2) to perform descriptive analysis, Shapiro-Wilk test and Spearman correlation. The significance level was 5%. The average body mass index (BMI) of the sample was 31.02. 38 pregnant women confirmed the use of AAS and in this group the mean pulsatility index (PI) values of the uterine arteries were 1.03 and PlGF 307.80, and in those who did not use it, the values were 0.95 and 325. 3, respectively. In this study, using AAS did not contribute to reducing the PI of the uterine arteries and there was no significant difference in the mean PIGF. Larger studies are important to confirm these results.