Análise de causa raiz e análise modal de falhas e efeitos em unidades pediátricas: revisão sistemática

Abstract

In the context of child hospitalization, specifics influence the safety of the patient, with the pediatric public having three times greater damage than adults in the same situation. According to the development of quality management, there were increments of tools, programs and quality methods for reducing errors related to health care. Among the tools used worldwide to reduce the occurrence of errors in health care, we highlight the Root Cause Analysis (ACR) and Modal Analysis of Failures and Effects (AMFE). The objective of the study was to analyze the usefulness of the Root Cause Analysis (ACR) and Modal Failure and Effects Analysis (AMFE) tools to improve qualified care in pediatric units. This is a systematic literature review, based on the PRISMA protocol. The following databases were used: 1. Scopus, 2. Ebsco, 3. Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), 4. Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), 5.Web of Science, 6 (CINAHL), 8. Cochrane Library, 9. Science Direct, 10. National Library of Medicine and Natural Institutes of Health (PubMed), 11. Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), 14. Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (WHOLIS), and 15 Wiley Online Library. The qualitative analysis of the articles was done through the application of an adapted and summarized version of the SQUIRE 2.0 guide. 8,254 studies were retrieved in database searches, after analysis using the relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 articles were included in the review. Of these, 09 were published between 2013 and 2018, 05 were developed in the USA, 12 used AMFE in several themes. The application of AMFE and ACR tools has led to significant changes and improvements in the services that have implemented them, and these quality tools are satisfactory for detecting improvement opportunities, using specific harm reduction methodologies, thus increasing patient safety.