Elaboração de procedimento operacional padrão para os cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente pediátrico em diálise peritoneal no Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes

Abstract

Introduction: Peritoneal dialysis is a type of Renal Replacement Therapy, being defined asthe administration of a dialysis solution, through a silicone catheter, directly into the peritoneal cavity, in which it will act as a semipermeable membrane capable of carrying out the exchange of water and solutes. To carry out this type of therapy, it is necessary the performance of trained professionals, with satisfactory theoretical and practical knowledge, to promote a safe, effective and iatrogenic free treatment. Objective: to elaborate a Standard Operating Protocol, directed to nurses, for the standardization and improvement of care for pediatric patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Method: Action-research study, carried out with nurses working in pediatrics at the University Hospital Onofre Lopes, from August 2022 to April 2023. The research took place in four steps: bibliographic survey, application of a multiple choice questionnaire on peritoneal dialysis, development of a Standard Operating Procedure on the performance of peritoneal dialysis and educational intervention with nurses. Results: 11 nurses participated in the study. 06 of these nurses work in the pediatric ward and 05 in the pediatric ICU. Among all nurses who answered the questionnaire, only 01 (9.1%) reported never having performed the peritoneal dialysis procedure. However, of the 11 participants, only 05 (45.5%) had already had contact with some protocol or SOP about this procedure and 90.9% of them had never participated in training on the subject. Regarding the second part of the questionnaire, where the participants answered multiple choice questions about the aspects involving the peritoneal dialysis, there was a good number of right answers among all participants, with an average of 13,09 correct questions. As a product of the study aStandard Operating Protocol was elaborated, detailing the entire procedure, including the assembly of the system and the execution of the Peritoneal Dialysis. Final consideration: The study showed that the nurses’ knowledge about the subject increased after the educational intervention, since there was a greater number of correct answers when answering the questionnaire after the dialogued exposition and discussion about Peritoneal Dialysis. These data reinforce the relevance of standardizing the Peritoneal Dialysis procedure, through the Standard Operating Procedure, as well as the relevance of training and continuing education forthe professionals who provide this type of care.