Alternativas de sistemas de esgotamento sanitário para comunidades indígenas. Estudo de caso: aldeias Sagi-Trabanda e Sagi-Jacu

Abstract

Brazil faces a significant infrastructure deficit for sewage collection and treatment, especially in rural and indigenous communities. This study aims to carry out a case study in the Sagi-Trabanda and Sagi-Jacu indigenous communities, in order to identify the main challenges related to sewage disposal and to seek sustainable and ecological alternatives for the treatment of sewage of these communities. The methodology adopted consisted on carrying out a participatory environmental diagnosis to understand the current situation of the sewage disposal system in the communities. At the same time, an exploratory research was carried out on sewage treatment alternatives, and later this information was integrated to identify the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative in the specific context of the studied communities. As a result, it was found that the association of the circle of banana trees with the evapotranspiration tank was the most viable solution, both from a budgetary and functional point of view. These alternatives proved to be low-cost and effective for sewage treatment in the communities in question, in addition to contributing to improving the community's quality of life and environmental preservation.