Produção imobiliária e equipamentos urbanos: relações espaciais de atratividade no município de Natal/RN

Abstract

The urban equipment are essential elements in the population's daily lives. It is through them that the city is able to provide a better life quality to its inhabitants, through access to education, health, commerce, etc. However, in Brazilian cities, the distribution of the equipments still happens in an uneven way, strengthening socioeconomic inequalities and harming a significant part of the population. Assuming that the real estate market aims to get the real estate developments closer to these equipments, in order to aggregate the externalities of the surroundings and value its products, the following research question is brought up: is there really attractiveness between the housing production and the urban equipments? This study focus on higher education institutions, hospitals and shopping centers. To accomplish that, it is pointed out the usage of spatial visualization tools such as ArcGIS®, through which it is possible to spatialize, manipulate and create distribution maps that aid in the analysis of the areas around the developments. The data used about the real estate developments are collected at the registries of the city. The characteristics gathered are: number of housing units, verticalization and pattern. On the other hand, the ones about the urban equipments are collected through the databases e-MEC, CNES and ABRASCE. As results, it is noticeable that educational institutions are the ones which concentrate the biggest amount of housing units in their surroundings. The hospitals are distributed in the most verticalized region and with developments presenting the highest standards among the ones analyzed - the east zone. The shopping centers are located at the spots with the biggest concentration of units. The north and west zones are the ones which present the biggest lack of equipments. Lastly, it is concluded that the study contributes in the distribution planning of new urban equipments and it is realized that the promoters concentrate the developments where there is the biggest offer.