Mortalidade por causas externas em pessoas idosas no Brasil

Abstract

Human aging is a natural, dynamic and progressive process accompanied by several physiological, morphological, physical, biochemical and psychological changes that occur continuously over time. of deaths from infectious and parasitic diseases and increasing mortality from violent events described as external causes. Currently, external causes constitute a relevant public health problem, as they impact the quality of life of individuals and cause hospitalization and/or rehabilitation, disability or death. However, these are preventable events that can be avoided, with the Primary Health Care network having a fundamental, effective and efficient role in acting on the main causes and health problems, such as external causes. Thus, this dissertation aims to investigate mortality from external causes in elderly people in Brazil. Two studies were carried out, the first of the ecological type using secondary data, which aimed to analyze the trend of mortality from external causes in elderly people in Brazil in the time interval between the years 2000 to 2019. And the second study referring to a protocol scope review whose objective was to map and describe the scientific evidence on the role of Primary Health Care in the face of mortality from external causes in the elderly, which is based on the Joanna Briggs Institute Review Manual, 2015. The first study showed an upward trend in mortality rates from external causes in elderly people in Brazil during the study period. The interval between 2000 and 2014 was the period in which the coefficients of mortality from external causes in the elderly increased the most, with an average annual percentage change (APC) of 1.83 (95%CI: 1.6; 2.0). The second study aims to present the main evidence of research on the subject, allowing the identification of gaps in the literature, which can guide actions for coping with external causes in the elderly through Primary Health Care. The trend analysis of mortality from external causes in the elderly in Brazil showed a significant increase over the period studied (2000 to 2019). This finding reinforces the need for investments in public health and in actions aimed at this group of people. The development of a scope review protocol involving the performance of PHC in mortality from external causes in the elderly contributes to the summary of the scientific production published up to the moment, allowing the development of new knowledge about aspects not yet addressed that strengthen the performance of professionals working in PHC in more assertive behaviors to reduce the risk of mortality of elderly people from external causes.