Estudo de blendas de poli(Metacrilato de metila) com polímeros estirênicos

Abstract

In this work the effect of the addition of styrenic polymers: polystyrene (PS), styreneacrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) on the mechanical behavior of the polymer blends formed with poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The blends were prepared in a twin screw extruder, and then the specimens were injection molded. The results of the chemical composition of the SAN and ABS showed that the percentages of AN were within the miscibility window for mixtures with the PMMA, i.e. 25 and 21%, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis (TG) showed that styrene polymers showed higher thermal stability than acrylic polymers. In the capillary rheometry, the PMMAe presented higher viscosity among the pure polymers studied, due to the presence of shell-core particles (CSP) dispersed in PMMA. Increasing in fluidity was achieved when styrenic polymers were added to PMMA samples, resulting in improvements in processability. In the mechanical characterization, it was observed that the addition of SAN improved the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of the polymer blends due to the presence of acrylonitrile. In the results of elongation at rupture and impact strength, blends with PMMAe presented better results and, among styrene polymers, ABS had a greater elongation at break. In the impact strength, blends with SAN and ABS presented close results, showing evidence that the amount of butadiene present in the polymer blends was insufficient to tenacify PMMA. The hardness testing (Shore D) showed improvements in hardness when styrenic polymers were added to acrylics. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMTA) showed that the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the polymers were close and the Tgs of the polymer blends formed were intermediate those of the pure polymers. At the heat distortion temperature (HDT) and the Vicat softening temperature it was observed that the addition of the styrenic polymers to the acrylic polymers increased the thermal resistance of the materials. In general, the addition of the styrene polymers in the two types of PMMA presented mechanical results better or near the PMMAs