Diagrama de fases do sistema nonilfenol estoxilado/solução de glicerina/diesel

Abstract

The increasing consumption of fossil fuels, especially diesel, as an energy source for the transport sector is an environmental concern with regard to emissions of polluting gases. Parallel to this scenario, there is a growing number of research projects to develop biofuels, which are considered as a cleaner alternative, since they come from renewable sources and are considered as less polluting than diesel oil. Biodiesel represents a type of biofuel, capable of generating energy from renewable sources, but presents the great problem of formation of large volumes of glycerine, which end up generating a surplus product on the market, which still can not absorb all production generated. The phase behavior of six systems, at temperature of 25 ° C and pressure of 1 atm, was investigated in this work by the construction of their respective diagrams. System I (diesel / solution 15% glycerol / R40/R60 surfactant mixture ratio 1: 2), system II (diesel / 15% glycerol solution / R40/R60 surfactant mixture ratio 1: 1), system III (diesel / 15% glycerol solution / R60), system IV (diesel / 15% solution glycerol / R40), system V (diesel / 0% glycerol / and the VI system (diesel / glycerin solution 30% / R40 Surfactant). All systems were treated as pseudo-ternary, since no system has only 3 pure components in its composition. All systems showed the area of isotropic stability. System I presented a considerable region of gel when compared to the other systems. In analyzing the systems IV, V and VI it was realized that the higher the glycerin concentration the lower the microemulsion region. The tielines of the IV and V systems were found and converged to a single point. Initially it was thought that the whole region below the binodal was of 2 phases, however the studies and later photos bought the existence of 3 phases and even of only 1 phase in that region in few spaces.