Análise de múltipla correspondência para auxiliar no levantamento de demandas formativas para a enfermagem

Abstract

Continuing Education (PE) in healthcare is based on the assumption of significant and problematizing learning, proposing strategies that enable collective construction, in addition to guiding paths for a dialogical relationship. In the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), there is an intense dynamic in relation to the activities performed by the nursing staff, which makes it difficult for the EP to understand the whole and to act in a preventive way to possible sequels. In the line of development of educational technologies, this work has as main objective to identify factors and phenomena that help hospital continuing education in the survey of formative demands for nursing in the NICU, through the Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA). For this, data from January to December 2021, from the system incorporated in the NICU sector, the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap), which contains information from discharge and death records, were analyzed, resulting in 392 records. The research has a quanti-qualitative approach and for the development process of this work the PDCA (Plan, Do, Check and Action) method was adopted, which aims at delivering continuous improvement in the processes it enhances. Exploratory data analysis was performed using Colab, Python and R tools for this purpose. About 70.6% of the 2021 admissions were premature infants and 96% of these had hypothermia on admission. The difficulty in finding patterns due to the diversity of the data made it possible to apply the MCA to identify formative possibilities for the NICU nursing staff based on the data. Based on the data, which were defined according to their specificities in REDCap, MCA was used to proceed to a grouping aiming to explain the total variability of the data. Among several subsets, the subset of respiratory complications stands out, which showed an explanatory variability of 38.7% up to 48.9%. This demonstrates the potential that these data have in explaining a phenomenon that occurs in the NICU. This work has as a final result the presentation of the analysis about NICU data based on the MCA, guiding the EP in the planning of training, which is necessary and appropriate for the exercise of its function safely and independently. And finally, impact on the reduction of hospital costs that can be avoided through a qualification that is in line with the demand of the service.