O processo de pirólise como alternativa para o aproveitamento do potencial energético de lodo de esgoto – uma revisão

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to present the major forms of use and final disposal of sewage sludge, especially here, the processes of incineration and pyrolysis, the provision in the soil and the final sludge disposal in landfills sites. The main advantages of agricultural use of bio solids are increased productivity, improving the quality of the soil chemistry and economics with the use of chemical fertilizers. However, the organic substances, toxic metals and pathogens contained in the residue represent limitations on use. Landfills are the most common destination for sewage sludge produced in Brazil. Despite its simplicity, the disposal in landfills can cause various problems such as pollution of groundwater and soil with slurry, visual pollution and emission of methane into the atmosphere. Incineration is not a method of complete elimination of sludge, as part of the waste remains as ash. Pyrolysis is a practice that can be employed for the use of sewage sludge as biomass. In this process heat, it is generated products with added values, such as oil, gas and coal that can be used as a source of fuel or other uses related to industry