Diagnóstico de enfermagem risco de doença ocupacional em profissionais de enfermagem: revisão sistemática e análise de conceito

Abstract

Objective: To review the Nursing Diagnosis Risk for Occupational Illness in Nursing Professionals. Method: This is a methodological study, operationalized according to the model proposed by Lopes, Silva and Araújo (2022). To achieve the objective proposed in this study, the first stage for diagnostic validation was carried out, a concept analysis operationalized by a systematic review. The analysis was developed according to the approach proposed by Walker and Avant (2019) and addressed eight stages, namely: 1. Concept selection; 2. Determination of the objectives of the conceptual analysis; 3. Identification of the possible uses of the concept; 4. Determination of the essential critical attributes; 5. Construction of a model case; 6. Construction of additional cases; 7. Identification of antecedents and consequences of the concept; 8. Definition of empirical references. To cover stages 3, 4, 7 and 8 of the concept analysis, a systematic review of etiology and risk was carried out, in addition to elucidating the concept and defining the following elements: Attributes, associated conditions, risk factors and population at risk. Results: Twenty articles were selected and three attributes, 36 antecedents, one associated condition and 11 situations at risk were identified. Among the 36 risk factors highlighted in this study, 21 are not included in NANDA-I, namely: physical and/or emotional exhaustion; difficulty in relationships with management; ineffective sleep patterns; ethical crisis between values and professional issues; unhealthy lifestyle habits; poor quality of professional life; low emotional intelligence; competitiveness; exposure to noise; ambient temperature; scarcity of material and/or human resources; rigid time control; offensive behaviors; lack of investment in training; authoritarian supervision; demand for high productivity; long working hours; poor environmental hygiene; social disrepute; insecurity and versatility of activities. The only condition associated with chronic disease, with no other similar or divergent condition in the taxonomy. Finally, with regard to the population at risk, four are not mentioned in the classification: night workers; female gender; individuals who perform domestic work; and age over 60 years. Based on these findings, conceptual and operational definitions were made for each etiological factor. Conclusion: It is concluded that this study enabled the first stage of diagnostic validation, enabling the review of the Nursing Diagnosis Risk for Occupational Disease and granting it the level of evidence 2.1.1 based on the concept analysis. The review of this diagnosis improves the taxonomy by updating information that enables its accuracy and corroborates evidence-based nursing and the improvement of the quality of health care.