Segurança do paciente e adesão às boas práticas em salas de vacina: ciclo de melhoria da qualidade

Abstract

Introduction: Vaccination is one of the best public health strategies in the world. For the immunization process to be effective, care must be taken with its distribution, storage and administration. The increase in the number of adverse events related to vaccination highlights the need to understand the processes involved in vaccine rooms and the use of strategies to reduce failures and guarantee safety. Objective: To evaluate the adherence of nursing professionals to good patient safety practices in vaccine rooms, before and after an improvement cycle. Methodology: Quasi-experimental study, before and after, without a control group, with a quantitative approach, in which an improvement cycle was carried out based on non-compliance with quality and safety criteria in vaccine rooms in Teresina-PI. In data collection, a checklist was applied, consisting of seven dimensions, before and 60 days after the intervention. In the intervention, patient safety training was carried out in vaccine rooms for nursing professionals in the evaluated rooms. Classification of the room regarding safety was carried out according to a validated protocol and the Wilcoxon test was used in the statistical analysis (p<0.05). Results: There was an improvement in the work processes in the vaccine rooms in all evaluated dimensions, with statistical significance in the dimensions of controlling and recording the temperature of the refrigerator, care with the refrigerator, nursing conduct in the vaccine room and the disposition of immunobiologicals inside the refrigerator. Conclusions: The methodology used with the external cycle of quality improvement collaborated with the remodeling of work processes and increased adherence to good safety practices by professionals, contributing to the prevention of adverse events related to vaccination.