Uma abordagem geométrica para operações básicas dos polinômios de 1º, 2º e 3º graus

Abstract

When studying the History of Mathematics, we see that the problems were interpreted and treated through geometry, since the entire economy in antiquity was concentrated on agriculture: land division, distance between places, land prices, etc. In this way, we see useful the recovery of the geometric approach in several mathematical contents, among which we brought as theme the 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree polynomials.This dissertation provides a suggestion for mathematics teachers on how to approach the study of polynomials in elementary school in a geometric way. For this, we will make a relation with areas and volumes of geometric figures, in particular - for their practicality, because we will deal with Basic Education - the rectangle and the right rectangular prism. We discuss the algebraic definitions and propositions of polynomials, as well as the definitions of areas of rectangles and volumes of parallelepipeds, and then correlate both approaches.In addition, we have included a suggestion for a ludic activity to be applied in an 8th grade class of elementary school, so that it demonstrates the efficiency of using geometry in teaching polynomials in the classroom, I.e, that through geometry, the 8th graders students understand them and know how to operate them.