Efeito Summer Learning Loss em crianças de baixa renda na fase inicial de alfabetização

Abstract

Introduction: The Summer Learning Loss effect is characterized as risk of impairment or stagnation of learning processes, especially for children in situations of social vulnerability. The effect is not enough explored in the Southern Hemisphere of the world. Objective: In view of this scenario, two objectives were presented. The first is to review in the literature the occurrence and characterize this effect. The second is to verify the occurrence of this effect in low-income students of public schools in the city of Natal-RN. context. Method: The first study is an integrative review of the literature on the "Summer Learning Loss" effect, with search in the databases Scielo, Pubmed, Eric, Medline, Lilacs, Periodico Capes. The second is a longitudinal, prospective and observational study in which predictive reading skills were assessed in low-income children of three municipal schools in the city of Natal. The assessment were run in two school periods, before and after the vacation. Results: In the study 1, 149 articles were found and 8 were selected for review, according to the criteria adopted. The occurrence of the "Summer Learning Loss" effect independent of the culture is described. There is a focus on the study of the occurrence of the effect in children from the last year of Infant Education until the last year of Primary Education, mainly related to basic reading and math skills. In study 2, the statistical analysis of the data showed stagnation of 55% and improvement of 42,5% the assessed abilities. Furthermore, there were improvement of the another half of the linguistic-cognitive abilities evaluated before and after the vacations of 10 weeks. Conclusion: The literature review mostly converge to the same point about the occurrence of the "Summer Learning Loss" effect in low income populations, which generates cumulative losses. The second study describes the partial occurrence of the Summer Learning Loss effect in the population.