O enfrentamento às tarefas alheias ao ofício à luz da Clínica da Atividade: posicionamentos inconformados, ambíguos e conformados

Abstract

The present study originated from previous research, from a clinical-qualitative perspective, with a theoretical basis in the Clinic of Activity, developed with necropsy technicians who worked in a Death Verification Service (SVO). The construction process of the data analyzed in that research was mediated by the following methodological resources: field diary, semistructured interviews, carried out individually and Instruction to the Double interviews, carried out in pairs. Among the results found, we noticed that necropsy technicians were asked to perform tasks that were unrelated to their job and that they related in different ways to the attributions in question, a fact that motivated us to develop the 3 (three) studies presented here. In this sense, the general objective of this thesis was to develop and expand analyzes of situations that characterize the accumulation of tasks outside the profession in the professional work of necropsy technicians, in the light of the theoretical-conceptual framework of the Clinic of Activity. In study 01, our objective was to characterize and discuss the different positions of the workers in relation to the different accumulations of tasks unrelated to the job. As mentioned, we identified 3 (three) categories of coping with these tasks: non-conformist positions, when workers showed clear discomfort; ambiguous positions, when they showed both feelings of discomfort and recognition; and the conformed positions, when they appropriated the aforementioned tasks in such a way that they perceived them as belonging to their own craft. Study 02 aimed to establish a dialogue between the accumulation of tasks outside the profession and a possible interference from the professional genre, in terms of the production of what we called here invasive professional genre. The Study 02 addressed the referred phenomenon from theoretical operators such as: instances of the craft, style, professional genre, power to act and job well done. The analyzes resulting from this study pointed us to the understanding that the submission of workers to tasks unrelated to their craft made them appropriate the professional gender of other positions, originating what we call the invasive professional gender. As for study 03, it is a theoretical discussion about the accumulation of tasks outside the profession, based on the contributions of the aforementioned approach, combined with studies that deal with work management models that emerged from the demands of the neoliberal system, in especially toyotism, which increased the process of precarious work. It aimed to establish the relationship between the accumulation of tasks unrelated to the trade and the process of precariousness of work relations, tracing connections with theoretical operators such as: activity, prescribed work, performed work and actual activity. The analysis of the historical-social context carried out made it possible to perceive the relationship between the process of overexploitation of work and the expansion and naturalization of the accumulation of tasks unrelated to the craft. Through these studies, we noticed that the accumulation of tasks unrelated to the job is becoming more and more frequent in work contexts and that it has the potential to be harmful to workers' health, which signals the need to develop effective actions to combat the overexploitation of workers.