Projeto de sistema de potência de subestação offshore para transmissão de energia eólica para empreendimento no litoral do Rio Grande do Norte

Abstract

One of humanity’s greatest challenges today is the search for energy, so that its generation does not cause harm to the future of the planet. To this end, new forms of energy production have been developed, and others that already exist have been improved: this is the case of wind energy. The need for greater power per wind turbine and the lack of soil for the implementation of parks on land led to the use of the ocean as a base for the positioning of generating machines, a fact that provided the beginning of a series of studies and innovations for the generation of energy in maritime scenario, known as offshore. Among the structures that make it possible to send this energy to the final consumer are substations, which increase the voltage generated to transmission levels in order to reduce losses due to the Joule effect present in the line. These structures already exist in several systems on land, but in the case of offshore generation, they require a series of procedures and redundancies suitable for systems in extreme locations. In Brazil, mainly on the northeastern coast, there are several offshore wind farm projects under development, given its great wind potential and the enormous coastline that bathes the states in the region, which could be a reference center for wind energy offshore in the years to come. The enterprise targeted by this study will be located on the coast of the state of Rio Grande do Norte and already has an environmental project registered with IBAMA, which details information on the number of wind turbines and the power that will be generated. The data already available about the future park was used to design a substation model that could transport the energy generated, searching for the necessary materials on the market and carrying out the necessary calculations for the best functioning of the system. Throughout the study, technologies for supporting the substation, external part, electrical materials and possible innovations for energy transmission in the ocean are listed.